TISSUE CULTURE

Plant Tissue culture is the in vitro aseptic culture of cells, tissues, organs, or whole plant under controlled nutritional and environmental conditions, used to produce the clones of plants.It is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues, or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of the known composition. The resultant clones are true-to-type of the selected genotype (unless affected by mutation during culture).Plant tissue culture relies on the fact that many plant cells have the ability to regenerate a whole plant (totipotency), single cells, plant cells without cell walls (protoplasts), pieces of leaves, stems or roots can often be used to generate a new plant on culture media given the required nutrients and plant hormones, the controlled conditions provide the culture an environment conducive for growth and multiplication, these conditions include the proper supply of nutrients, pH medium, adequate temperature, and proper gaseous and liquid environment.